The Science of Hair Damage: Understanding Breakage and Split Ends
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Hair might look simple, but it’s actually a complex structure of proteins, cuticles, and bonds. When these layers weaken, we see frizz, breakage, and split ends.
1. Structure of Hair
Hair is mostly keratin, with three layers: cuticle (outer), cortex (middle), medulla (core). Damage starts when the cuticle is lifted or eroded.
2. Causes of Damage
- Heat Styling: High heat breaks hydrogen bonds.
- Chemical Treatments: Bleach and dyes strip keratin and oils.
- Mechanical Stress: Brushing and tight hairstyles physically weaken hair.
- Environmental Stress: UV rays, humidity, and pollution all contribute.
3. What Are Split Ends?
When the cuticle peels away, the cortex splits, leaving hair fragile. Without trimming, splits move upward, ruining length and volume.
4. Repair vs Prevention
- True repair: masks that restore protein and lipids.
- Prevention: limiting heat, UV protection, gentle handling.
👉 Conclusion: Healthy hair isn’t about avoiding styling altogether, but balancing it with restorative treatments like a weekly nourishing mask.
